CPTPP

The Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership (CPTPP) ultimately went into effect at the end of 2018 following a protracted negotiating process and evolution from the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP). This multilateral free trade agreement (FTA) includes a chapter on investments and, for the first time ever, a standalone chapter on State-owned enterprises (SOEs). The chapter is largely regarded as the most advanced and innovative set of regulations for SOE investors in the current body of foreign investment agreements (IIAs, including investment chapters in FTAs). Many advanced economies, most notably the US and the EU, have developed SOE regulations in...